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Native and Carolinian - Ontario’s Plants For Ontario’s Gardens

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In recent years, much attention has been given to protecting and conserving Ontario's beautiful, useful, and sometimes rare native plant material. Southern Ontario is on the northern fringe of the vast Carolinian forest area of North America which at one time stretched from South Carolina to Northern Ontario. Many of the Carolinian plant species are very rare and on the verge of extinction. Planting of these plants on private lands and the use of native and Carolinian species in landscaping will help to assure the continuation of this valuable part of our Canadian heritage for future generations to enjoy.

Benefits of Native Species:

American Beech

Spring gray foliage turns dark green, then harvest gold in Fall. Grows to >20 m. Spread - 15 m.

American Fringe Tree

Small ornamental tree Large clusters of lightly fragrant white flowers in Spring Height - 4-6 m. Spread - 4-6 mm.

American Hornbeam

Best in partial shade, but will tolerate full sun Slow growth rate Seeds attract birds Height - 9 m. Spread - 6 m.

Butternut Hickory

Long tap root Leaves turn yellow in Fall Height - up to 25 m. Spread - up to 15 m.

Black Gum

Dark green leaves turn intense red with hues of orange, yellow and purple in Fall Height - 9-15 m. Spread - 6-9 m.

Flowering Dogwood

White

Popular flowering tree Apply thick mulch to keep roots cool. Height - 5-9 m. Spread - 5 - 7 m.

Hackberry

Good shade / privacy tree Tolerates many soils, strong winds Height - 12-18 m. Spread - 12-18 m.

Iron Wood

Hardest, densest wood in Canada Excellent fuel wood, but difficult to split Height - 7-12 m. Spread - 7-12 m.

Kentucky Coffee Tree

Up to 90 cm. long leaves Full sun or partial shade Height - 20 m. Spread - 15 m.

Ohio Buckeye

Large compound leaves Yellow - green Spring flowers Prefers partial shade Height - 8 m. Spread - 6 m.

Bur Oak

Most wide spread oak in Canada Slow grower Dense shade Height - 24 m. Spread - 24 m.

Oak Chinkapin

Smaller, glossy, yellow- green coarsely-toothed leaves Height - 15 m. Spread - 18 m.

Oak Red

Leaves emerge pinkish-red, turn dark green in Summer, then red in Autumn Height - 18-22 m. Spread - 13 m.

Oak Swamp White

Long-living (>300 years) Good shade or street tree Tolerant to compacted soil and drought. Height - 18 m. Spread - 18 m.

Osage Orange

Known for it’s “ugly” fruit Drought and wet tolerant Likes full sun Height - 15 m. Spread - 12 m.

Paper Birch Clump

Multi-stemmed oval form Dark green foliage, turns gold in Fall Height - 15 m. Spread - 11 m.

Paw Paw

Unique, delicious fruit that are encouraged by full sun Pest and disease free Height - 6 m. Spread - 6 m.

Black Walnut

Great shade tree, disease free and pest resistant Tasty nuts Roots may harm nearby plants Height - 22 m. Spread - 22 m.

Red Bud Multistem

Abundant pink Spring blossoms Likes full sun to partial shade Height - 9 m. Spread - 10 m.

Native Shrubs

SpiceBush

Slow grower Dense yellow flowers yield glossy red fruit Glossy green tapered leaves turn golden-yellow in Fall Height - 3 m. Spread - 3 m.

Virginia Creeper

Rapid grower White late Summer flowers produce darkblue fruit in early Fall. Height - 22 m. Spread - 22 m.

Native Evergreens

Balsam Fir

Tall, narrow, skinny pointed top Tolerates shade, variety of soils Popular Christmas tree Height - 22 m. Spread - 7 m.

Canadian Hemlock

Pyramidal shape Soft green needles Lower branches may touch the ground Height - 21 m. Spread - 11 m.

Cedar White

Prefers moist soil, tolerates some shade Deer like twigs in Winter Height - 15 m. Spread - 5 m.

Eastern Red Cedar

Soil type tolerant, likes sun Drought resistant Good windbreak tree choice Height - 12 m. Spread - 6 m.

Eastern White Pine

Skinny needles 6 to 12 cm. long grown in bunches of five 8 - 20 cm. long cones Height - 24 m. Spread - 12 m.

Red Pine

Tall straight trunk, beautiful red bark Moderate growth rate Prefers dry, loose sandy soil, low pH, full sun Height - 30 m. Spread - 22 m.

Tamarak

Bright blue-green foliage turns gold-yellow in Fall Loses it’s needles in Winter Height - 15 m. Spread - 5 m.
Creates a food web that increases wildlife such as songbirds and pollinators Cools local climate through transpiration by actively growing during the hottest part of the year Deters weeds and invasive species Appropriate for the region's soil, hydrology, climate and natural rainfall Absorbs excess nutrients from runoff, enhancing infiltration during periods of heavy rain Drought tolerant Naturally resistent to many diseases and insect pests Create deep and extensive root systems, which help to stabilize the soil column and create an environment favorable to building fertile soil rich in organic matter

Native Trees

benefits panel white panel

Native and Carolinian - Ontario’s

Plants For Ontario’s Gardens

Benefits of Native Species:

up arrow
In recent years, much attention has been given to protecting and conserving Ontario's beautiful, useful, and sometimes rare native plant material. Southern Ontario is on the northern fringe of the vast Carolinian forest area of North America which at one time stretched from South Carolina to Northern Ontario. Many of the Carolinian plant species are very rare and on the verge of extinction. Planting of these plants on private lands and the use of native and Carolinian species in landscaping will help to assure the continuation of this valuable part of our Canadian heritage for future generations to enjoy.
Copyright © Windover Nurseries Inc.
Greenhouse Annuals

Native Evergreens

American Fringe Tree

Small ornamental tree Large clusters of lightly fragrant white flowers in Spring Height - 4-6 m. Spread - 4-6 mm.

American Hornbeam

Best in partial shade, but will tolerate full sun Slow growth rate Seeds attract birds Height - 9 m. Spread - 6 m.

American Beech

Spring gray foliage turns dark green, then harvest gold in Fall. Grows to >20 m. Spread - 15 m.

Basswood

Excellent shade tree, pest resistant, aromatic flowers. Height - 35 m. Spread - 10 m.

Butternut Hickory

Long tap root Leaves turn yellow in Fall Height - up to 25 m. Spread - up to 15 m.

Butternut

Produces edible nut for small animals Gorgeous flowers Needs full sun Height - 18 m. Spread - 15 m.

Black Cherry

Wood valued for furniture Edible berries Height - up to 22 m. Spread - 9 m.

Black Gum

Dark green leaves turn intense red with hues of orange, yellow and purple in Fall Height - 9-15 m. Spread - 6-9 m.

Flowering Dogwood

White

Popular flowering tree Apply thick mulch to keep roots cool. Height - 5-9 m. Spread - 5 - 7 m.

Hackberry

Good shade / privacy tree Tolerates many soils, strong winds Height - 12-18 m. Spread - 12-18 m.

Iron Wood

Hardest, densest wood in Canada Excellent fuel wood, but difficult to split Height - 7-12 m. Spread - 7-12 m.

Kentucky Coffee Tree

Up to 90 cm. long leaves Full sun or partial shade Height - 20 m. Spread - 15 m.

Ohio Buckeye

Large compound leaves Yellow - green Spring flowers Prefers partial shade Height - 8 m. Spread - 6 m.

Bur Oak

Most wide spread oak in Canada Slow grower Dense shade Height - 24 m. Spread - 24 m.

Oak Chinkapin

Smaller, glossy, yellow-green coarsely- toothed leaves Height - 15 m. Spread - 18 m.

Oak Red

Leaves emerge pinkish-red, turn dark green in Summer, then red in Autumn Height - 18-22 m. Spread - 13 m.

Oak Swamp White

Long-living (>300 years) Good shade or street tree Tolerant to compacted soil and drought. Height - 18 m. Spread - 18 m.

Osage Orange

Known for it’s “ugly” fruit Drought and wet tolerant Likes full sun Height - 15 m. Spread - 12 m.

Paper Birch Clump

Multi-stemmed oval form Dark green foliage, turns gold in Fall Height - 15 m. Spread - 11 m.

Paw Paw

Unique, delicious fruit that are encouraged by full sun Pest and disease free Height - 6 m. Spread - 6 m.

SpiceBush

Slow grower Dense yellow flowers yield glossy red fruit Glossy green tapered leaves turn golden- yellow in Fall Height - 3 m. Spread - 3 m.

Virginia Creeper

Rapid grower White late Summer flowers produce darkblue fruit in early Fall. Height - 22 m. Spread - 22 m.

Balsam Fir

Tall, narrow, skinny pointed top Tolerates shade, variety of soils Popular Christmas tree Height - 22 m. Spread - 7 m.

Canadian Hemlock

Pyramidal shape Soft green needles Lower branches may touch the ground Height - 21 m. Spread - 11 m.

Cedar White

Prefers moist soil, tolerates some shade Deer like twigs in Winter Height - 15 m. Spread - 5 m.

Eastern Red Cedar

Soil type tolerant, likes sun Drought resistant Good windbreak tree choice Height - 12 m. Spread - 6 m.

Eastern White Pine

Skinny needles 6 to 12 cm. long grown in bunches of five 8 - 20 cm. long cones Height - 24 m. Spread - 12 m.

Red Pine

Tall straight trunk, beautiful red bark Moderate growth rate Prefers dry, loose sandy soil, low pH, full sun Height - 30 m. Spread - 22 m.

Tamarak

Bright blue-green foliage turns gold- yellow in Fall Loses it’s needles in Winter Height - 15 m. Spread - 5 m.

Black Walnut

Great shade tree, disease free and pest resistant Tasty nuts Roots may harm nearby plants Height - 22 m. Spread - 22 m.

Red Bud Multistem

Abundant pink Spring blossoms Likes full sun to partial shade Height - 9 m. Spread - 10 m.
Creates a food web that increases wildlife such as songbirds and pollinators Cools local climate through transpiration by actively growing during the hottest part of the year Deters weeds and invasive species Appropriate for the region's soil, hydrology, climate and natural rainfall Absorbs excess nutrients from runoff, enhancing infiltration during periods of heavy rain Drought tolerant Naturally resistent to many diseases and insect pests Create deep and extensive root systems, which help to stabilize the soil column and create an environment favorable to building fertile soil rich in organic matter

Native Bushes

Native Trees

benefits panel native panel
Native and Carolinian - Ontario’s Plants For Ontario’s Gardens

Benefits of Native Species:

In recent years, much attention has been given to protecting and conserving Ontario's beautiful, useful, and sometimes rare native plant material. Southern Ontario is on the northern fringe of the vast Carolinian forest area of North America which at one time stretched from South Carolina to Northern Ontario. Many of the Carolinian plant species are very rare and on the verge of extinction. Planting of these plants on private lands and the use of native and Carolinian species in landscaping will help to assure the continuation of this valuable part of our Canadian heritage for future generations to enjoy.
Copyright © Windover Nurseries Inc.
Front Lot Bushes
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Native Trees

Native Shrubs

Native Evergreens

American Beech

Spring gray foliage turns dark green, then harvest gold in Fall. Grows to >20 m. Spread - 15 m.

American Fringe Tree

Small ornamental tree Large clusters of lightly fragrant white flowers in Spring Height - 4-6 m. Spread - 4-6 mm.

American Hornbeam

Best in partial shade, but will tolerate full sun Slow growth rate Seeds attract birds Height - 9 m. Spread - 6 m.

Basswood

Excellent shade tree, pest resistant, aromatic flowers. Height - 35 m. Spread - 10 m.

Butternut Hickory

Long tap root Leaves turn yellow in Fall Height - up to 25 m. Spread - up to 15 m.

Butternut

Produces edible nut for small animals Gorgeous flowers Needs full sun Height - 18 m. Spread - 15 m.

Black Cherry

Wood valued for furniture Edible berries Height - up to 22 m. Spread - 9 m.

Black Gum

Dark green leaves turn intense red with hues of orange, yellow and purple in Fall Height - 9-15 m. Spread - 6-9 m.

Flowering Dogwood

White

Popular flowering tree Apply thick mulch to keep roots cool. Height - 5-9 m. Spread - 5 - 7 m.

Hackberry

Good shade / privacy tree Tolerates many soils, strong winds Height - 12-18 m. Spread - 12-18 m.

Iron Wood

Hardest, densest wood in Canada Excellent fuel wood, but difficult to split Height - 7-12 m. Spread - 7-12 m.

Kentucky Coffee Tree

Up to 90 cm. long leaves Full sun or partial shade Height - 20 m. Spread - 15 m.

Ohio Buckeye

Large compound leaves Yellow - green Spring flowers Prefers partial shade Height - 8 m. Spread - 6 m.

Bur Oak

Most wide spread oak in Canada Slow grower Dense shade Height - 24 m. Spread - 24 m.

Oak Chinkapin

Smaller, glossy, yellow-green coarsely- toothed leaves Height - 15 m. Spread - 18 m.

Oak Red

Leaves emerge pinkish-red, turn dark green in Summer, then red in Autumn Height - 18-22 m. Spread - 13 m.

Oak Swamp White

Long-living (>300 years) Good shade or street tree Tolerant to compacted soil and drought. Height - 18 m. Spread - 18 m.

Osage Orange

Known for it’s “ugly” fruit Drought and wet tolerant Likes full sun Height - 15 m. Spread - 12 m.

Paper Birch Clump

Multi-stemmed oval form Dark green foliage, turns gold in Fall Height - 15 m. Spread - 11 m.

Paw Paw

Unique, delicious fruit that are encouraged by full sun Pest and disease free Height - 6 m. Spread - 6 m.

SpiceBush

Slow grower Dense yellow flowers yield glossy red fruit Glossy green tapered leaves turn golden- yellow in Fall Height - 3 m. Spread - 3 m.

Virginia Creeper

Rapid grower White late Summer flowers produce darkblue fruit in early Fall. Height - 22 m. Spread - 22 m.

Balsam Fir

Tall, narrow, skinny pointed top Tolerates shade, variety of soils Popular Christmas tree Height - 22 m. Spread - 7 m.

Canadian Hemlock

Pyramidal shape Soft green needles Lower branches may touch the ground Height - 21 m. Spread - 11 m.

Cedar White

Prefers moist soil, tolerates some shade Deer like twigs in Winter Height - 15 m. Spread - 5 m.

Eastern Red Cedar

Soil type tolerant, likes sun Drought resistant Good windbreak tree choice Height - 12 m. Spread - 6 m.

Eastern White Pine

Skinny needles 6 to 12 cm. long grown in bunches of five 8 - 20 cm. long cones Height - 24 m. Spread - 12 m.

Red Pine

Tall straight trunk, beautiful red bark Moderate growth rate Prefers dry, loose sandy soil, low pH, full sun Height - 30 m. Spread - 22 m.

Tamarak

Bright blue-green foliage turns gold- yellow in Fall Loses it’s needles in Winter Height - 15 m. Spread - 5 m.

Black Walnut

Great shade tree, disease free and pest resistant Tasty nuts Roots may harm nearby plants Height - 22 m. Spread - 22 m.

Red Bud Multistem

Abundant pink Spring blossoms Likes full sun to partial shade Height - 9 m. Spread - 10 m.
Creates a food web that increases wildlife such as songbirds and pollinators Cools local climate through transpiration by actively growing during the hottest part of the year Deters weeds and invasive species Appropriate for the region's soil, hydrology, climate and natural rainfall Absorbs excess nutrients from runoff, enhancing infiltration during periods of heavy rain Drought tolerant Naturally resistent to many diseases and insect pests Create deep and extensive root systems, which help to stabilize the soil column and create an environment favorable to building fertile soil rich in organic matter
benefits panel
Native and Carolinian - Ontario’s Plants For Ontario’s Gardens

Benefits of Native Species:

In recent years, much attention has been given to protecting and conserving Ontario's beautiful, useful, and sometimes rare native plant material. Southern Ontario is on the northern fringe of the vast Carolinian forest area of North America which at one time stretched from South Carolina to Northern Ontario. Many of the Carolinian plant species are very rare and on the verge of extinction. Planting of these plants on private lands and the use of native and Carolinian species in landscaping will help to assure the continuation of this valuable part of our Canadian heritage for future generations to enjoy.
Copyright © Windover Nurseries Inc.
Front lot view - bushes

Native Trees

Native Shrubs

Native Evergreens

American Beech

Spring gray foliage turns dark green, then harvest gold in Fall. Grows to >20 m. Spread - 15 m.

American Fringe Tree

Small ornamental tree Large clusters of lightly fragrant white flowers in Spring Height - 4-6 m. Spread - 4-6 mm.

American Hornbeam

Best in partial shade, but will tolerate full sun Slow growth rate Seeds attract birds Height - 9 m. Spread - 6 m.

Basswood

Excellent shade tree, pest resistant, aromatic flowers. Height - 35 m. Spread - 10 m.

Butternut Hickory

Long tap root Leaves turn yellow in Fall Height - up to 25 m. Spread - up to 15 m.

Butternut

Produces edible nut for small animals Gorgeous flowers Needs full sun Height - 18 m. Spread - 15 m.

Black Cherry

Wood valued for furniture Edible berries Height - up to 22 m. Spread - 9 m.

Black Gum

Dark green leaves turn intense red with hues of orange, yellow and purple in Fall Height - 9-15 m. Spread - 6-9 m.

Flowering Dogwood

White

Popular flowering tree Apply thick mulch to keep roots cool. Height - 5-9 m. Spread - 5 - 7 m.

Hackberry

Good shade / privacy tree Tolerates many soils, strong winds Height - 12-18 m. Spread - 12-18 m.

Iron Wood

Hardest, densest wood in Canada Excellent fuel wood, but difficult to split Height - 7-12 m. Spread - 7-12 m.

Kentucky Coffee Tree

Up to 90 cm. long leaves Full sun or partial shade Height - 20 m. Spread - 15 m.

Ohio Buckeye

Large compound leaves Yellow - green Spring flowers Prefers partial shade Height - 8 m. Spread - 6 m.

Bur Oak

Most wide spread oak in Canada Slow grower Dense shade Height - 24 m. Spread - 24 m.

Oak Chinkapin

Smaller, glossy, yellow-green coarsely- toothed leaves Height - 15 m. Spread - 18 m.

Oak Red

Leaves emerge pinkish-red, turn dark green in Summer, then red in Autumn Height - 18-22 m. Spread - 13 m.

Oak Swamp White

Long-living (>300 years) Good shade or street tree Tolerant to compacted soil and drought. Height - 18 m. Spread - 18 m.

Osage Orange

Known for it’s “ugly” fruit Drought and wet tolerant Likes full sun Height - 15 m. Spread - 12 m.

Paper Birch Clump

Multi-stemmed oval form Dark green foliage, turns gold in Fall Height - 15 m. Spread - 11 m.

Paw Paw

Unique, delicious fruit that are encouraged by full sun Pest and disease free Height - 6 m. Spread - 6 m.

SpiceBush

Slow grower Dense yellow flowers yield glossy red fruit Glossy green tapered leaves turn golden- yellow in Fall Height - 3 m. Spread - 3 m.

Virginia Creeper

Rapid grower White late Summer flowers produce darkblue fruit in early Fall. Height - 22 m. Spread - 22 m.

Balsam Fir

Tall, narrow, skinny pointed top Tolerates shade, variety of soils Popular Christmas tree Height - 22 m. Spread - 7 m.

Canadian Hemlock

Pyramidal shape Soft green needles Lower branches may touch the ground Height - 21 m. Spread - 11 m.

Cedar White

Prefers moist soil, tolerates some shade Deer like twigs in Winter Height - 15 m. Spread - 5 m.

Eastern Red Cedar

Soil type tolerant, likes sun Drought resistant Good windbreak tree choice Height - 12 m. Spread - 6 m.

Eastern White Pine

Skinny needles 6 to 12 cm. long grown in bunches of five 8 - 20 cm. long cones Height - 24 m. Spread - 12 m.

Red Pine

Tall straight trunk, beautiful red bark Moderate growth rate Prefers dry, loose sandy soil, low pH, full sun Height - 30 m. Spread - 22 m.

Tamarak

Bright blue-green foliage turns gold- yellow in Fall Loses it’s needles in Winter Height - 15 m. Spread - 5 m.

Black Walnut

Great shade tree, disease free and pest resistant Tasty nuts Roots may harm nearby plants Height - 22 m. Spread - 22 m.

Red Bud Multistem

Abundant pink Spring blossoms Likes full sun to partial shade Height - 9 m. Spread - 10 m.
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Creates a food web that increases wildlife such as songbirds and pollinators Cools local climate through transpiration by actively growing during the hottest part of the year Deters weeds and invasive species Appropriate for the region's soil, hydrology, climate and natural rainfall Absorbs excess nutrients from runoff, enhancing infiltration during periods of heavy rain Drought tolerant Naturally resistent to many diseases and insect pests Create deep and extensive root systems, which help to stabilize the soil column and create an environment favorable to building fertile soil rich in organic matter